When nurses cry: coping with occupational stress in Thailand

Anecdotal reports of people feeling better after they cry support theories that link crying to the reduction of stress after a period of prolonged sympathetic activation. A sample of 200 nurses were asked to rate their occupational stress, job satisfaction, and crying as a coping strategy. Crying was found to be an important symptom of home/work conflicts and pressures related to dealing with patients, but did not substantially reduce these sources of stress. Supporting the stress-buffering hypothesis, nurses with lower intrinsic job satisfaction seemed to benefit from emotional crying whereas dissatisfied nurses who cry infrequently reported the highest levels of stress.     

The effects of age and emotional acceptance on distress among breast cancer patients

Objectives This study examined whether emotional acceptance moderates the relationship between age and distress among breast cancer patients near the end of the first year after diagnosis. Materials and method The Emotional acceptance scale and the Profile of Mood States scale were completed by 79 women with Stage II or III breast cancer. Results Results showed that younger women reported greater distress than older women. Those who were less accepting of their emotions also reported greater distress than those who were more accepting, regardless of age. Discussion These results suggest that emotional acceptance may be beneficial for both younger and older women facing breast cancer. Additional implications of these findings are discussed.     

糖尿病性视网膜病变病人应对方式及影响因素的研究

目的探讨糖尿病性视网膜病变患者的应对方式,分析影响患者选择应对方式的主要因素。方法采用自行设计的一般情况评估表、医学应对方式量表（MCMQ）中文版、艾森克人格问卷、症状自评量表（SCL-90）对住院患者176例进行问卷调查。结果1）糖尿病性视网膜病变患者面对应对方式、回避应对方式、屈服应对方式中,性别、年龄、职业、病程、文化程度、经济状况等方面差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。2）内外向因子维度与回避应对方式呈显著负相关（P〈0.01）,神经质因子维度与屈服应对方式呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）。3）SCL-90总分及10个因子评分与国内常模比较,差异有显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、病程长短、家庭收入、人格特征以及病人的身心症状在不同程度上都是患者选择应对方式的影响因素。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间医护人员心理健康与应对方式相关性研究

目的 调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)流行期间六安市区三家三级医院医护人员心理健康的现状,分析医护人员心理健康水平与应对方式的关系。方法 于2020年2月7日～2月15日,使用问卷星形式,采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表及简易应对方式问卷调查COVID-19流行期间六安市区三家三级医院360名医护人员心理状况,分析医护人员焦虑、抑郁水平及其与应对水平的相关性。结果 COVID-19流行期间六安市区三家三级医院医护人员焦虑粗分(32.82±7.80)分,抑郁粗分(37.90±8.30)分,均高于中国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。焦虑阳性者(总粗分≥40分)68例(18.9%),抑郁阳性者(总粗分≥41 分)138例(38.4%);医护人员应对方式总分9～60分,平均为(36.61±8.55)分。积极应对6～36分,平均为(24.49±6.14)分。消极应对1～24分,平均为(12.12±4.19)分;偏相关分析显示,医护人员焦虑得分与积极应对呈负相关(r=-0.315,P<0.05),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.147,P<0.05)。抑郁得分与积极应对呈负相关(r=-0.374,P<0.05),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.207,P<0.05)。结论 COVID-19流行期间医护人员存在不同程度的焦虑和抑郁,疫情期间医护人员的心理健康与积极应对方式呈正相关,与消极应对方式呈负相关。     

焦虑障碍的注意偏向特点及其与认知风格、人格特质的相关性

目的：探讨焦虑障碍患者对负性刺激的注意偏向特点,并分析其与认知风格和人格特质的相关性。方法：运用点探测范式和心理问卷分别对36例焦虑障碍患者和36例正常者进行评估,比较2组注意偏向、认知风格和人格特质的差异;比较不同性别焦虑障碍患者负性注意偏向分数的差异;比较社交焦虑症和广泛性焦虑症的负性注意偏向分数的差异;分析注意偏向、认知风格和人格特质的相关性。结果：焦虑组和对照组负性注意偏向分数、注意警觉分数的差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）,正确率差异分数、注意解 除分数的差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。焦虑组和对照组自动思维得分、功能失调态度得分、艾森克人格N维度得分的差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。男性和女性焦虑障碍患者注意解除分数的差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。社交焦虑症和广泛性焦虑症负性注意偏向分数、正确率差异分数、注意警觉分数、注意解除分数的差异无统计学意义（P ＞0.05）。功能失调态度与负性注意偏向分数（r =0.383）、注意警觉（r =0.204）呈显著正相关（P ＜0.05）;注意偏向分数、注意警觉分数与自动思维、艾森克N维度得分无相关性（P ＞0.05）。正确率差异分数、注意解除分数与自动思维、功能失调态度得分、与艾森克人格N维度得分无相关性（P ＞0.05）。结论：焦虑障碍患者存在对负性刺激的注意偏向,主要表现为注意警觉,该注意偏向存在性别差异,且与认知风格相关。     

某医院住院医师规范化培训现存问题与应对策略

住院医师规范化培训工作中存在的诸多问题,严重制约着住院医师成长与医院发展。本文探讨2017～2019年安徽某大学附属医院住院医师规范化培训工作中存在的主要问题,提出有效应对策略,并在实践工作中取得一定成效。通过阐述该院住院医师规范化培训主要政策内容与评价标准,加强对住院医师规范化培训学员的管控力度,落实住院医师培训考核与奖惩措施,逐步提高住院医师培训学员的收入与待遇,从而完善医院住院医师规范化培训的工作制度。进一步思考与总结现行医院住院医师规范化培训管理模式,优化医院现有人力资源配置,为探索改进住院医师规范化培训工作提供更好的发展思路。     

Cortical responses to pain in healthy individuals depends on pain catastrophizing

The personal experience of pain is complex and depends on physiological and psychological factors. From this latter category, pain catastrophizing plays an important role in pain behavior and response. We aimed to determine the effect of pain catastrophizing on central nociceptive processing in healthy individuals. Functional MRI was performed during two pain intensity levels evoked by electrical median nerve stimulation in 22 healthy individuals. Pain catastrophizing scores were determined for all subjects. Pain catastrophizing was not related to activity in regions associated with sensory-discriminative aspects of pain, such as the primary or secondary somatosensory cortex. Instead, during mild pain, there was a relationship between catastrophizing and activity in cortical regions associated with affective, attention, and motor aspects of pain, including dorsolateral prefrontal, insula, rostral anterior cingulate, premotor, and parietal cortices. During more intense pain, prefrontal cortical regions implicated in the top-down modulation of pain were negatively correlated with catastrophizing. These findings can be viewed from the framework of an attention model of pain catastrophizing, whereby a cortical vigilance network is engaged during mild pain, but diminished prefrontal cortical modulation impedes disengaging from and suppressing pain during more intense pain. These findings may also implicate catastrophizing in the progression to or persistence of chronic pain.     

影响急诊科护士健康状况的社会心理因素

目的研究工作压力、社会支持、应对方式、自尊在维护急诊科护士健康状况中的作用.方法采用整群抽样方法,用自测健康评定量表、护士工作压力量表、社会支持评定量表、简易应对方式问卷、自尊量表调查了北京市10家三级甲等综合性医院急诊科的407名护士.结果多元逐步回归分析表明,工作压力是生理健康的最强预测指标,可以解释8.6%生理健康的变异;工作压力和自尊分别可以解释15.7%和8.5%心理健康的变异;对支持的利用度和自尊可以解释13.9%和5.3%社会健康的变异.结论工作压力对急诊科护士健康状况影响最大;社会支持中对支持的利用度对社会健康的保护作用最强;自尊在维护健康中起着重要的作用,主要保护心理健康和社会健康.     

乳腺癌化疗患者疾病不确定感与应对方式的相关性研究

目的 探讨乳腺癌化疗患者疾病不确定感和应对方式的相关性.方法 描述性相关性研究设计,使用一般资料调查表、Mishel疾病不确定感量表(MUIS-A)和医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)对147例乳腺癌化疗患者进行调查,所有资料使用SPSS 11.5进行统计分析.结果 乳腺癌化疗患者的疾病不确定感得分(87.46±9.92),与面对(19.63±4.02)和回避(14.81±2.26)的应对方式呈显著负相关(P＜0.01),与屈服(9.68±2.67)的应对方式呈显著正相关(P＜0.01).结论 较多使用面对和回避应对方式的乳腺癌化疗患者疾病不确定感较低,较多使用屈服应对方式的患者疾病不确定感较高.建议医护人员在临床工作中指导乳腺癌化疗患者使用有效的应对方式以降低疾病不确定感,促进身心健康.